Alexander Abakumov
15e744da49
- Added comprehensive course structure with 11 modules - Included theoretical content, practical examples, and tasks - Multi-language code examples (Java, Rust, Node.js, Python) - Detailed analysis of architectural approaches and trade-offs - Complete caching strategies documentation - Architecture examples from real-world systems (Twitter, Netflix, Uber) - Structured navigation and learning path - Ready for educational use
156 lines
4.3 KiB
Markdown
156 lines
4.3 KiB
Markdown
# Prometheus и Grafana
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## Навигация
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- [🏠 Главная страница курса](../../../README.md)
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- [📚 Модуль 5](../README.md)
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---
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## Prometheus
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**Prometheus** — система мониторинга и база данных временных рядов.
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### Архитектура Prometheus
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```
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┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐
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│ Application │ │ Application │ │ Application │
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│ (Metrics) │ │ (Metrics) │ │ (Metrics) │
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└─────────────────┘ └─────────────────┘ └─────────────────┘
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│ │ │
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└───────────────────────┼───────────────────────┘
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│
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┌─────────────────┐
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│ Prometheus │
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│ Server │
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└─────────────────┘
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│
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┌─────────────────┐
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│ Grafana │
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│ (Dashboard) │
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└─────────────────┘
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```
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### PromQL (Язык запросов Prometheus)
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#### Основные запросы:
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```promql
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# Простая метрика
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http_requests_total
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# Метрика с фильтрами
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http_requests_total{method="GET", status="200"}
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# Агрегация
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sum(http_requests_total) by (method)
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# Rate (скорость изменения)
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rate(http_requests_total[5m])
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# Histogram quantiles
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histogram_quantile(0.95, rate(http_request_duration_seconds_bucket[5m]))
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```
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#### Примеры запросов:
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```promql
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# Количество запросов в секунду
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rate(http_requests_total[5m])
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# Среднее время ответа
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rate(http_request_duration_seconds_sum[5m]) / rate(http_request_duration_seconds_count[5m])
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# 95-й перцентиль времени ответа
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histogram_quantile(0.95, rate(http_request_duration_seconds_bucket[5m]))
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# Ошибки в процентах
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rate(http_requests_total{status=~"5.."}[5m]) / rate(http_requests_total[5m]) * 100
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```
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### Spring Boot + Prometheus
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```java
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@Configuration
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public class PrometheusConfig {
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@Bean
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public MeterRegistry meterRegistry() {
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return new PrometheusMeterRegistry(PrometheusConfig.DEFAULT);
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}
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}
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@RestController
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public class MetricsController {
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private final MeterRegistry meterRegistry;
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public MetricsController(MeterRegistry meterRegistry) {
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this.meterRegistry = meterRegistry;
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}
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@GetMapping("/metrics")
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public String metrics() {
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return ((PrometheusMeterRegistry) meterRegistry).scrape();
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}
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}
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```
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## Grafana
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**Grafana** — платформа для визуализации метрик и создания дашбордов.
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### Создание дашборда
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```json
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{
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"dashboard": {
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"title": "Application Metrics",
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"panels": [
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{
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"title": "Request Rate",
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"type": "graph",
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"targets": [
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{
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"expr": "rate(http_requests_total[5m])",
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"legendFormat": "{{method}} {{endpoint}}"
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}
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]
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},
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{
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"title": "Response Time",
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"type": "graph",
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"targets": [
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{
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"expr": "histogram_quantile(0.95, rate(http_request_duration_seconds_bucket[5m]))",
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"legendFormat": "95th percentile"
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}
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]
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}
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]
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}
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}
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```
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### Алерты в Grafana
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```json
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{
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"alert": {
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"name": "High Error Rate",
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"message": "Error rate is above 5%",
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"conditions": [
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{
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"query": {
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"params": ["A", "5m", "now"]
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},
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"reducer": {
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"type": "last",
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"params": []
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},
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"evaluator": {
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"params": [0.05],
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"type": "gt"
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}
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}
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]
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}
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}
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```
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