Alexander Abakumov
15e744da49
- Added comprehensive course structure with 11 modules - Included theoretical content, practical examples, and tasks - Multi-language code examples (Java, Rust, Node.js, Python) - Detailed analysis of architectural approaches and trade-offs - Complete caching strategies documentation - Architecture examples from real-world systems (Twitter, Netflix, Uber) - Structured navigation and learning path - Ready for educational use
297 lines
7.9 KiB
Markdown
297 lines
7.9 KiB
Markdown
# Управление архитектурными процессами
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## Навигация
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- [🏠 Главная страница курса](../../../README.md)
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- [📚 Модуль 9](../README.md)
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---
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## Архитектурные процессы
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### 1. Architecture Review Process
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```markdown
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# Процесс архитектурного ревью
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## Подготовка к ревью
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1. **Создание архитектурной диаграммы**
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- C4 Model диаграммы
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- Sequence диаграммы
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- Deployment диаграммы
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2. **Подготовка ADR**
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- Описание проблемы
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- Анализ решений
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- Обоснование выбора
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3. **Анализ рисков**
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- Технические риски
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- Бизнес-риски
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- Планы митигации
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## Проведение ревью
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1. **Презентация (30 мин)**
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- Обзор архитектуры
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- Ключевые решения
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- Влияние на систему
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2. **Обсуждение (30 мин)**
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- Вопросы и уточнения
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- Альтернативные решения
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- Детали реализации
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3. **Принятие решения (15 мин)**
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- Голосование
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- Условия одобрения
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- Следующие шаги
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```
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### 2. Architecture Governance
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```yaml
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# Architecture Governance Framework
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architecture_governance:
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principles:
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- name: "Technology Standardization"
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description: "Use standardized technologies across the organization"
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enforcement: "Mandatory"
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- name: "Security by Design"
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description: "Security must be considered from the beginning"
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enforcement: "Mandatory"
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- name: "Scalability"
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description: "Systems must be designed for scalability"
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enforcement: "Recommended"
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review_process:
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triggers:
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- "New system development"
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- "Major system changes"
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- "Technology adoption"
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participants:
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- "Solution Architect"
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- "Technical Lead"
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- "Security Architect"
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- "Business Analyst"
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criteria:
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- "Alignment with principles"
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- "Technical feasibility"
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- "Business value"
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- "Risk assessment"
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compliance:
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monitoring:
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- "Regular architecture reviews"
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- "Code review checklists"
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- "Automated compliance checks"
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reporting:
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- "Monthly compliance reports"
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- "Quarterly architecture health checks"
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- "Annual architecture assessment"
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```
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## Непрерывная архитектура
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### 1. Architecture as Code
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```yaml
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# Architecture Definition
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architecture:
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version: "1.0"
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name: "E-commerce Platform"
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components:
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- name: "User Service"
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type: "microservice"
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technology: "Java Spring Boot"
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responsibilities:
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- "User management"
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- "Authentication"
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- "Authorization"
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interfaces:
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- "REST API"
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- "Event publishing"
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- name: "Order Service"
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type: "microservice"
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technology: "Java Spring Boot"
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responsibilities:
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- "Order processing"
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- "Order state management"
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- "Order history"
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interfaces:
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- "REST API"
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- "Event consumption"
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- "Event publishing"
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relationships:
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- from: "User Service"
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to: "Order Service"
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type: "synchronous"
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protocol: "HTTP/REST"
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purpose: "User validation for orders"
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- from: "Order Service"
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to: "Payment Service"
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type: "asynchronous"
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protocol: "Events"
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purpose: "Payment processing"
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quality_attributes:
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- name: "Performance"
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target: "95% of requests < 200ms"
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measurement: "Response time monitoring"
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- name: "Availability"
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target: "99.9% uptime"
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measurement: "Uptime monitoring"
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- name: "Scalability"
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target: "Handle 10,000 RPS"
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measurement: "Load testing"
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```
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### 2. Architecture Evolution
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```markdown
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# Процесс эволюции архитектуры
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## 1. Мониторинг архитектуры
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- Отслеживание метрик качества
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- Анализ технического долга
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- Обратная связь от команды
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## 2. Идентификация проблем
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- Производительность
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- Масштабируемость
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- Поддерживаемость
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- Безопасность
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## 3. Планирование изменений
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- Приоритизация проблем
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- Разработка решений
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- Планирование миграции
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## 4. Реализация изменений
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- Поэтапная миграция
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- Тестирование изменений
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- Мониторинг результатов
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```
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## Инструменты управления архитектурой
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### 1. Architecture Decision Records (ADR)
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```markdown
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# ADR-001: Выбор базы данных для пользовательского сервиса
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## Статус
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Принято
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## Контекст
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Нужно выбрать базу данных для хранения пользовательских данных в новом микросервисе.
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## Варианты
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1. PostgreSQL - реляционная БД
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2. MongoDB - документная БД
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3. DynamoDB - NoSQL БД
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## Решение
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Выбрана PostgreSQL по следующим причинам:
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- ACID транзакции для критических данных
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- Зрелая экосистема и инструменты
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- Опыт команды с SQL
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- Хорошая производительность для наших объемов
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## Последствия
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- Нужно спроектировать схему БД
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- Настроить репликацию для отказоустойчивости
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- Реализовать миграции данных
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```
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### 2. Architecture Compliance
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```yaml
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# Architecture Compliance Check
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compliance_check:
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rules:
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- name: "Microservice Communication"
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description: "Microservices must communicate only through APIs"
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check: "No direct database access between services"
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severity: "Error"
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- name: "Security Headers"
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description: "All HTTP responses must include security headers"
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check: "X-Content-Type-Options, X-Frame-Options, X-XSS-Protection"
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severity: "Warning"
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- name: "Logging Standards"
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description: "All services must use structured logging"
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check: "JSON format with correlation ID"
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severity: "Info"
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enforcement:
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- "Pre-commit hooks"
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- "CI/CD pipeline checks"
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- "Architecture review process"
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```
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### 3. Architecture Metrics
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```yaml
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# Architecture Quality Metrics
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architecture_metrics:
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performance:
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- name: "Response Time"
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target: "< 200ms"
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measurement: "95th percentile"
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- name: "Throughput"
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target: "> 1000 RPS"
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measurement: "Requests per second"
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reliability:
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- name: "Uptime"
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target: "99.9%"
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measurement: "Monthly availability"
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- name: "Error Rate"
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target: "< 0.1%"
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measurement: "Failed requests percentage"
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maintainability:
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- name: "Code Coverage"
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target: "> 80%"
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measurement: "Unit test coverage"
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- name: "Technical Debt"
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target: "< 5%"
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measurement: "SonarQube technical debt ratio"
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```
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## Best Practices
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### 1. Governance
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- Установка четких принципов
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- Регулярные ревью
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- Автоматизация проверок
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### 2. Документация
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- Ведение ADR
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- Обновление диаграмм
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- Синхронизация с кодом
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### 3. Мониторинг
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- Отслеживание метрик
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- Анализ трендов
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- Проактивные действия
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### 4. Эволюция
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- Планирование изменений
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- Поэтапная миграция
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- Обратная связь от команды
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