Initial commit: Complete Software Architecture course with 11 modules

- Added comprehensive course structure with 11 modules
- Included theoretical content, practical examples, and tasks
- Multi-language code examples (Java, Rust, Node.js, Python)
- Detailed analysis of architectural approaches and trade-offs
- Complete caching strategies documentation
- Architecture examples from real-world systems (Twitter, Netflix, Uber)
- Structured navigation and learning path
- Ready for educational use

modules/module5/sections/04-distributed-tracing.md

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+# Distributed Tracing
+
+## Навигация
+- [🏠 Главная страница курса](../../../README.md)
+- [📚 Модуль 5](../README.md)
+
+---
+
+## Что такое Distributed Tracing
+
+**Distributed Tracing** — метод отслеживания запросов через распределенную систему.
+
+## OpenTelemetry
+
+```java
+@Configuration
+public class TracingConfig {
+    @Bean
+    public OpenTelemetry openTelemetry() {
+        return OpenTelemetrySdk.builder()
+            .setTracerProvider(
+                SdkTracerProvider.builder()
+                    .addSpanProcessor(BatchSpanProcessor.builder(
+                        JaegerGrpcSpanExporter.builder()
+                            .setEndpoint("http://jaeger:14250")
+                            .build()
+                    ).build())
+                    .build()
+            )
+            .build();
+    }
+}
+
+@Service
+public class OrderService {
+    private final Tracer tracer;
+    
+    public OrderService(OpenTelemetry openTelemetry) {
+        this.tracer = openTelemetry.getTracer("order-service");
+    }
+    
+    public Order createOrder(CreateOrderRequest request) {
+        Span span = tracer.spanBuilder("create-order")
+            .setAttribute("customer.id", request.getCustomerId())
+            .setAttribute("order.value", request.getTotalValue().doubleValue())
+            .startSpan();
+        
+        try (Scope scope = span.makeCurrent()) {
+            // бизнес-логика
+            Order order = processOrder(request);
+            
+            span.setStatus(StatusCode.OK);
+            span.setAttribute("order.id", order.getId());
+            
+            return order;
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            span.setStatus(StatusCode.ERROR, e.getMessage());
+            span.recordException(e);
+            throw e;
+        } finally {
+            span.end();
+        }
+    }
+}
+```
+
+## Jaeger
+
+### Конфигурация Jaeger
+```yaml
+# docker-compose.yml
+version: '3.8'
+services:
+  jaeger:
+    image: jaegertracing/all-in-one:latest
+    ports:
+      - "16686:16686"
+      - "14268:14268"
+    environment:
+      - COLLECTOR_OTLP_ENABLED=true
+```
+
+### Анализ трассировок
+```java
+@Component
+public class TraceAnalyzer {
+    public void analyzeTrace(String traceId) {
+        // анализ трассировки
+        List<Span> spans = getSpansByTraceId(traceId);
+        
+        // поиск узких мест
+        Span slowestSpan = spans.stream()
+            .max(Comparator.comparing(Span::getDuration))
+            .orElse(null);
+        
+        // анализ ошибок
+        List<Span> errorSpans = spans.stream()
+            .filter(span -> span.getStatus().getStatusCode() == StatusCode.ERROR)
+            .collect(Collectors.toList());
+    }
+}
+```